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Candacia bipinnata

Giesbrecht (1889)

Download a fact sheet for Candacia bipinnata (PDF 484KB)

Taxonomy

Phylum Arthropoda
Subphylum Crustacea
Class Maxillopoda
Subclass Copepoda
Order Calanoida
Family Candaciidae
Genus Candacia
Species bipinnata

Size

  • Female: 2.35 – 2.50 mm
  • Male: 0.70 – 0.90 mm

Distinguishing characteristics

  • Lateral extensions on the genital somite

Male

  • Rostrum platelike and strong with rounded points
  • Right A1 geniculate, with serrations on section 18, segments 2-3 fused, segments 17-18 separate, segments 19-20 fused
  • In lateral view distal end of posterior prosome is truncate, tip of process reaches beyond posterior end of genital somite
  • Posterior prosome and genital somite asymmetrical with pointed extensions on the right, both extending posteriorly
  • Right P5 chelate, left with hairs and a single, tiny terminal spine

Female

  • Posterior prosome corners extended into symmetrical points
  • Genital somite large with triangular lateral extension on each side
  • Lamella on ventral surface of urosome somite 2
  • P5 asymmetrical and terminated in obtuse point and some miniscule outer edge spines

Distribution

  • Epipelagic; mesopelagic
  • Mainly open ocean; occasionally coastal
  • Widespread in tropical , subtropical and temperate waters
  • Pacific and Indian Oceans and Atlantic Oceans

Ecology

  • Can live in the neuston
  • Maxillae suited to grasping and piercing prey
  • Feed selectively on larvaceans and other gelatinous zooplankton

References

  • Boxshall, G. A. and S. H. Halsey (2004). "An introduction to copepod diversity." Ray Society Publications 166: i-xv, 1-966.
  • Bradford-Grieve, J. M., E. L. Markhaseva, et al. (1999). Copepoda. South Atlantic Zooplankton. D. Boltovskoy. Leiden, The Netherlands, Backhuys Publishers. 1: 869-1098.
  • Bradford-Grieve, J. M., (1999) The marine fauna of New Zealand: pelagic calanoid copepoda: Bathypontiidae, Arietellidae, Augaptilidae, Heterorhabdidae, Lucicutiidae, Metridinidae, Phyllopodidae, Centropagidae, Pseudodiaptomidae, Temoridae, Candaciidae, Pontellidae, Sulcanidae, Acartiidae, Tortanidae. National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Wellington, New Zealand.
  • Chen Q. C. & Zhang S. C, 1965. - The planktonic copepods of the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea. I. Calanoida. Studia mar. sin., 7: 20-131. (Chinese with English summary).
  • Hattori et al. (1983)
  • Ohtsuka & Onbé (1989)
  • Razouls C., de Bovée F., Kouwenberg J. et Desreumaux N., 2005-2009. - Diversity and Geographic Distribution of Marine Planktonic Copepods. Available at http://copepodes.obs-banyuls.fr/en